When most people imagine knights in armor, they picture medieval Europe—the age of chivalry, tournaments, and epic battles. But here in the United States, armored combat has evolved into something powerful, modern, and uniquely American. From humble beginnings as a niche interest, it has transformed into a fiercely competitive, full-contact sport with a passionate and ever-growing community.
At Modern Viking, we honor those who live the warrior spirit—past and present. In this article, we take a deep dive into the journey of armored combat in the U.S., from its early roots to its current global stage.
The Foundations: SCA and Early American Medievalism
The journey begins in the 1960s when a group of history buffs in Berkeley, California, hosted a backyard tournament that sparked the creation of the Society for Creative Anachronism (SCA). This moment marked the beginning of an international movement dedicated to studying and recreating the Middle Ages with immersive detail.
SCA heavy combat is full-contact and full-honor. Fighters wear historically inspired armor—crafted from hardened leather, plastic, or steel—and engage in battle with rattan weapons. These may not be metal, but the hits land hard, and the skill required is real.
The SCA also supports a broad spectrum of martial disciplines including rapier, cut-and-thrust, archery, and siege warfare—creating one of the most inclusive and diverse medieval martial arts communities worldwide.
Contributing to this rich scene is another reenactment organization called the Empire for Medieval Pursuits (EMP), an organization focused on educational, performative, and competitive medieval experiences. EMP emphasizes immersive history and practical martial skill, providing a welcoming and structured environment for newcomers and veterans alike to explore new variations of Armored combat.
All over the country, countless groups are forming every year aiming to explore, expand, and enhance the world of armored combat in the USA. Some may be more focused on role plays and use foam weapons, others more focused on demonstrating armored combat in various forms such as HEMA, Jousting, tournaments, and warbands - all bringing the past to life in exciting new ways.
Enter Steel: The Rise of HMB and America’s Global Debut
While reenactors in the U.S. were mastering rattan, a steel revolution was brewing in Europe: Historical Medieval Battles (HMB). This was full-contact combat with real steel armor and blunted steel weapons, fought with ferocity and precision.
In 2009, the international championship Battle of the Nations (BOTN) launched, inviting fighters from around the world to compete. By 2012, the United States fielded its first national team—and made an unforgettable impact. American fighters had arrived on the world stage, and they came to fight.
The U.S. team’s performance helped inspire a wave of interest back home, leading to the formation of competitive leagues, training groups, and tournament circuits across the country.
Building the American Scene: HMB USA, ACL, IMCF, and more
As steel combat took root in the U.S., several key organizations formed to structure and support its growth.
HMB USA was established as the American representative within HMB International, responsible for team selection, event coordination, and upholding international standards.
Meanwhile, the Armored Combat League (ACL) launched as an independent American league with its own ruleset, ranking system, and event structure. By hosting tournaments at Renaissance fairs, festivals, and public events, the ACL brought armored combat to a wider audience. It remains a vibrant and active league to this day.
The International Medieval Combat Federation (IMCF), founded in 2013, offered another international competition avenue. With a strong focus on historical accuracy, transparency, and fair play, IMCF attracted many American fighters seeking a more balanced and athlete-centered environment. IMCF tournaments continue to feature U.S. teams who regularly perform at a high level.
Armored Combat Sports (ACS) also entered the scene, promoting a sport-focused vision of armored combat with leagues, duels, and melee events. With a focus on accessibility and athletic development, ACS has helped diversify the armored combat landscape in the U.S.
Across the country, countless independent clubs, leagues, regional events, and educational organizations support the sport’s rapid expansion and ensure it remains inclusive and innovative.
Reforging the Future: Buhurt International and MCUSA
By 2022, growing concerns about HMB International’s governance led the U.S. and several other countries to break away. Out of this fracture emerged Buhurt League, which would later evolve into Buhurt International—a new global governing body with a more transparent and collaborative framework.
Buhurt International promotes a fighter-first philosophy, allowing national federations more autonomy and input in the shaping of the sport.
In the United States, Medieval Combat USA (MCUSA) became the official national representative of Buhurt International. MCUSA took the reins of U.S. armored combat on the international stage, organizing national events, overseeing fighter development, and managing team selections for global competitions. As the U.S. contingent of Buhurt International, MCUSA continues to elevate the sport with a focus on growth, unity, and excellence.
Armored Combat Today: A New Era of Growth
Armored combat is no longer a hidden subculture—it’s a thriving, full-contact sport drawing in fighters and fans alike.
Major events like Battle of the Bay, Carolina Carnage, Colorado Classic, and the Arnold Armored Combat Tournament attract competitors from across the country. These athletes aren't weekend hobbyists—they’re disciplined, year-round warriors who train physically, mentally, and strategically.
Social media has played a transformative role. Viral fight videos, gear breakdowns, fighter profiles, and tournament recaps have ignited public interest and opened the doors to new recruits.
Youth divisions, women’s teams, and local clubs are on the rise. Whether you’re fighting under the banner of ACL, IMCF, ACS, MCUSA, or in the SCA, one thing is clear: we’re living in a golden era for armored combat.
Modern Viking: Forged for the Front Lines
At Modern Viking, we don’t just supply GEAR—we are a part of the community.
Whether you’re dueling in the SCA, brawling in Buhurt, or training with the ACL, IMCF, or ACS, we’ve got the gear to keep you sharp, protected, and battle-ready.
From padded gambesons and chausses to historically inspired clothing and armor components, our kit is made with durability, performance, and historical authenticity in mind. Because when you step into the list, every detail counts.
We’re proud to stand behind the warriors who fight with honor, train with discipline, and live with purpose.
Join the Fight
New to armored combat? Looking for a team, or wondering which league suits you best? Modern Viking has your back and is happy to answer any questions, all you have to do is ask!
Whether you’re swinging rattan or wielding steel, just starting out or pushing for gold, we’re here to help you gear up and step into the fray.
Train hard. Fight proud. Forge your legacy.